Limiting Factor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Limiting Factor - Essay Example This variable cost rate for each department is allocated in order to cover costs such as machine time, electricity, maintenance, and equipment depreciation (Banker, Datar, Kaplan). As we can see our total production cost for each unit of product X, Y, Z consists of a variable cost rate and total labor from all three production departments. The total production costs for each unit of product X was  £752,  £804 for product Y and  £1084 for product Z. Taking into consideration the total required units of production for each product line for the whole year, the total production costs for Product X was  £11,280,000,  £9,648,000 for Product Y, and  £13,008,000 for Product Z.  £33,936,000.The fixed overhead costs budget for the plant, regardless of output level is  £2,400,000 a year. Total income (total revenue - total variable costs – fixed costs) for the year utilizing the original production budget equals  £1,224,000 (Imanet, 2008). According to our sales manager there is a limitation on producing any additional units of production. Department B does not have any additional production capacity due to lack of skilled labor workers which to hire in order to accommodate any additional manufacturing output. By performing a cost volume profit analysis of our product line we can determine which product mixture will provide maximum profit maximization potential based on the manufacturing limitations with relation to Department B (Horngren, Foster, Datar, 2000). The contribution margin of a product provides the user with the amount in pounds that each individual unit sale contributes towards income after all variable expenses have been deducted. Through a comparison of the contribution margin percentage of all three product types we can plainly see that the most profitable product type is X with 10.48% or  £88 per item sold. Although Product Z provides the highest gross margin amount with  £116, it stands as the se cond most profitable

Ethical Issues of Genetic Testing in Pediatrics Research Proposal

Ethical Issues of Genetic Testing in Pediatrics - Research Proposal Example has traditionally necessitated that future parents be presented with detailed information and then be permitted to select which genetic diagnostic screening or test to use. Because of high opinion for reproductive decision-making and confidentiality in the area of genetics, and to put off misuses and exploitations such as efforts at eugenic control, practically every genetic counselor promotes the principle of value-neutral counseling and self-determining decision making. This framework is theoretically interesting, and in operates finely in contexts where knowledgeable and experienced counselors are available and inexpensive, and where counselors and patients have a common cultural context (Heyman, 2001). However, the demands of regular prenatal care make it problematic basically to reverse this ethical perspective into the obstetric care clinic. The population of patients is quite large; there is insufficient time as it is to address patients’ physical and psychological requirements, and there are oftentimes quite obvious discrepancies between the social and cultural contexts of pediatrics health care specialists and their patients. Furthermore, genetic counselors have traditionally commonly been able, on the basis of particular clinical suggestions, to concentrate their mind on one health disorder or symptom at a time, whereas in the future, decision-making will most probably embrace a broad scale of circumstances for which future parents may be at no specific elevated risk. In the expression a public health professionals, the issue will hence be related to screening rather than the testing itself (Kolker, 1994). There are also ethical issues of substance that assert in favor of a fresh framework for presenting counsel to future parents. Most significantly, the gains of extensive screening have yet to be acknowledged, and there are possible troubles that as well demand examination, including elevated levels of anxiety regarding the pregnancy of regarding