Risk Management in Hydro Power - 5207 Words

Risk Management In Hydro Power Plants – 18th African Hydro Symposium October 2006 By Joshua Chirikutsi – Zimbabwe Power Company- Kariba South Power station Abstract Hydro power plants like any other business encounter risks in all areas of its operations, but especially in the areas of producing and marketing electricity. As the Electricity supply industry reforms unfold the resultant deregulation brings in several market regulatory and trade related risks. The paper will discuss the general risks affecting Power utilities and will place particular emphasis on hydropower plant operations by analysing the effect of maintenance and operations quality in power plant risk management. 1.Introduction Electric power companies and their†¦show more content†¦The kinds of risks to be managed are decomposed into various classifications as described below. Risk can also be analysed along the value chain and risk management interventions are applied at each stage of the value chain 4.1 General Risks 4.1.1 Price Or Market Risk - comprises the risks to which the company is exposed due to uncertainties in the price of electricity on the market. Volumetric Risk encompasses risks arising from production uncertainty, consumption uncertainty, and uncertainties in the power supply. 4.1.2 Financial Risks, - credit or liquidity risk is especially important in trading. We can divide this risk into two segments; specific credit and systematic credit. Other financial risks include interest-rate risk and currency risk. 4.1.3 Regulatory Risk arises from extra-market factors, such as legal complications, changes and ambiguities in regulations, and political decisions. This risk is especially present in the initial phases of deregulation of the ESI 4.1.4 Modelling Risk can arise when a companys portfolio has been incorrectly valued due to flawed modelling assumptions flawed modelling methodology, or the wrong choice of a model. 4.1.5 Human Error Risks include mistakes in evaluation and analysis, and errors in all aspect of the value chain form power plant operations, maintenance, trading etc. 4.1.6Operational risk At utility level Operational risk is defined as the risk of incurringShow MoreRelatedCase Study Questions On Risk Management Essay999 Words   |  4 PagesDate: 4th October, 2016 Risk Management; DNSC-6254 Risk Management â€Å"Case Study # 2 - ERM† Prepared by: The A Team Aurelia Lianda   Rafael Aita   Nathan Peppler   Osamah Alturki   Moyaid Aseel Table of Contents Page 1. Question # 1.1 3 a) Question # 1.1 – (1.1.1) 3 b) Question # 1.1 – (1.1.2) 3 c) Question # 1.1 – (1.1.3) 3 2. Question # 1.2 4 a) Question # 1.2 – (1.2.1) 4 b) Question # 1.2 – (1.2.2) Read MoreEnergy Finance Americas ( Sfs Ef )1621 Words   |  7 PagesThese three power stations are Chickwat Creek, Ramona Lake and Ramona Creek. All of the generating stations are situated in the Tzoonie River, Narrows Inlet watershed in the Sunshine Coast region of British Columbia (approximately 50 miles from Vancouver, BC). The three hydro generating stations, totaling 34.5MWs, are summarized below: TSLP will sell the energy output under a single 30-year Electricity Purchase Agreement (â€Å"EPA†) to British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority (â€Å"BC Hydro†) (Aaa; SFSRead MoreEssay On Clean Energy And Bc Community1212 Words   |  5 PagesEnergy and BC Communities ââ€"  Clean energy projects bring immense benefits to local communities in all regions of BC. ââ€"  There has been nearly $9 billion invested by the private clean energy sector. ââ€"  In addition, there have been millions of dollars of risk capital spent prospecting and permitting potential sites, with environmental, resource, preliminary engineering, and interconnection studies, as well as First Nations engagement and negotiations. ââ€"  CEBC estimates that our sector pays back $200 millionRead MoreThe Potential For A Supply Shortage1184 Words   |  5 Pagesproportion of electricity supplied by hydro power in New Zealand. Historic low storage capacity of many hydro plants attributed to both lack of foresight and environmental impact entails that the plants sometimes offer at low cost as they need to continuously cycle the water. A wet year will result in low costs, and a system flush with hydro power that might contribute to thermal generation running at margins and susceptible to closure. Low cost generation such as hydro and wind contribute to a diminishedRead MoreEnergy Crisis : Individual Research Briefing1629 Words   |  7 Pages1 Energy Capacity and demand in Tasmania 5 2.1.2 The Tasmanian Energy Crisis 6 2.1.3 Temporary response 6 2.1.4 The Tamar Valley Power Station (TVPS) Facts and Figures 6 2.2 Recommendation no. 1 7 3 Increasing the energy storage level 8 3.1 Findings 8 3.1.1 Currant energy storage level 8 3.1.2 Rainfall forecast for 2016 8 3.1.3 Cloud Seeding 8 3.1.4 Energy Security Risk Assessment 8 3.1.5 Critical storage level 9 3.2 Recommendation no. 2 9 4 Conclusion 10 1 Introduction 1.1 Background The StateRead MoreHydro Power3834 Words   |  16 Pagesfrom other sources or transmission of power over long distances would not be feasible. Cost of building the plant and return on investment is fast compared to large hydro and hence would attract many private investors to invest. * Rehabilitation and resettlement which is the major concern in a democratic country like India and hence this scheme is the most useful. * There is no loss of forest land due to submergence. * WRITE A NOTE ON ECONOMY OF HYDRO VIS-À-VIS OTHER SOURCES OF GENERATIONRead MorePros And Cons Of Site C1362 Words   |  6 PagesThe Federal Joint Review Panel found that Site C would result in significant adverse and cumulative environmental effects. These include: o Significant unmitigated losses to wildlife and rare plants, including losses to species under the Species at Risk Act and to game and plant resources preferred by Aboriginal peoples. o Significant unmitigated losses to fish and fish habitat, including three distinct sub-groups of fish preferred by Aboriginal peoples, one of which is federally listed as a speciesRead MoreHydro One: Case Study Questions2401 Words   |  10 PagesHydro One Case 1.a) How has being a local, regulated utility shaped the risk profile of Hydro One? The problem with being regulated made the company improve its performance and profile in multiple dimensions. The restrictions imposed on the company by various authorities in fact helped the company innovate and look deep into the functional aspects and also the risk aspect. For example the regulations forced the enterprise to reconsider its functioning. One of the major problems began with theRead MoreCase Study: Application of Real Options to Energy Investments1718 Words   |  7 Pagesas Net Present Value (NPV) or Internal Rate of Return (IRR) do not consider relevant project characteristics like irreversibility, uncertainty and management flexibility. They propose that the Real Options Approach (ROA) has an advantage over conventional methods. The aim of this essay is to apply real options to a renewable energy investment (mini-hydro plant) using the binomial lattice tree developed by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein. Economic evaluation of energy investments Electricity generation projectsRead MoreFinancing Green Energy1470 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The term Green energy refers to energy sources which have less injurious impacts on the environment in comparison with the traditional sources of fuel such petroleum, coal, natural gas etc. The use of green energy is intended to produce power without causing much harm to the natural habitat and also in a rather pollution free manner. Indonesia has been taking measures and been involved in policy reforms meant for facilitating the use of green energy. Various projects have been initiated

Essay Critique of a Nursing Theory - 1746 Words

Critique of a Nursing Theory April 30, 2010 Critique of a Nursing Theory This is a critique of Myra Estrin Levine’s conservation principles model. I will be discussing the meaning of the theory of the four principles; conservation of energy, conservation of structural integrity, conservation of personal integrity, and conservation of social integrity. I will be using the criterion-based model (C-BaC) as a focus of the positive aspects of the theory, as outlined by Johnson Webber (Johnson Webber, 2010, p. 192-214). I will discuss the intent and theory, the concepts and propositions, and the usefulness in nursing practice. How a nurse is defined could be very influential for those who aspire to become a nurse, and even for†¦show more content†¦Although I do not define optimal patient health as Levine would, I do believe that the boundaries of today’s health disciplines and Levine’s theory ultimately have the same patient goal; patient wholeness. The meaning of Levine’s conservation theory i s defined differently in all the secondary sources used. There are no words used that are misunderstood. I would not constitute any of the definitions read as jargon, slang or unnecessary and meaningless writing. The primary source, Levine’s definition of â€Å"Conservation of Social Integrity is to recognize the individual as one who strives for recognition, respect, self awareness, selfhood and self determination† (Nursing Theories: A Companion to Nursing Theories and Models, 2010). Selfhood is one word that I am not familiar with and had to look up for confirmation of meaning. The meaning of selfhood is integrity; strive for selfhood would be to strive for individuality or for your own true identity. Concepts and Propositions Levine’s theories share four major concepts; person, environment, health, and nursing. A concept of person is one who is being holistic and striving to accomplish complete integrity, â€Å"someone who is future-oriented and past-aware† (â€Å"Myra Levine’s Conservation Theoryâ€Å", 2009). Each individual has an internal and external environment that completes their wholeness. TheShow MoreRelatedSummary and Critique of The Timelessness of Nursing Theory1302 Words   |  5 PagesAnnotated Bibliography of Two Nursing Articles Summary and critique of The timelessness of nursing theory by Sandra Schmidt Bunkers. This article by Bunkers examines the ways in which nursing theory as articulated by Florence Nightingale and supported by Rosemarie Parses theoretical modeling can be understood as being timeless and to what extent it should be considered as rooted in a particular historical moment and cultural context. 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It focuses on a person’s adaptation to his/her environment and guides nursing interventions in order to promote healthy adaptation. I chose the adaptation model because her model closely resembles my thoughts on nursing. The holistic approach and value on adaptation thatRead MoreMyra Levine Theory Critique Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: Theory Critique of Conservation Model Theory Critique of Levine’s Conservation Model Dana Carroll Nur 600 February 24, 2013 Jacqueline Saleeby Theory Critique of Levine’s Conservation Model Introduction Myra Levine proposed a grand theory of energy conservation. Using the Chinn and Kramer Model for critique, this paper will describe the theory reviewing purpose, concepts, definitions, relationships, structure, assumptions, and rationale for selection. Then, the theory will beRead MoreV. Henderson Theory Critique Essay1385 Words   |  6 PagesVirginia A. Henderson’s Nursing Theory Critique Gaylinn Breeze Maryville University Abstract This paper aims to provide an in depth critique of Henderson’s Nursing Theory using Fawcett’s framework for analysis and evaluation of nursing models. This paper will provide an analysis of the theory based on its scope, context and content. Secondly, the paper will provide an evaluation to unearth its significance, internal consistency, testability, as well as provide empirical and pragmaticRead MoreCritique of Jean Watsons Theory1312 Words   |  6 PagesTheory Critique of the Human Caring Theory Adele Wolf Maryville University NUR 600 October 03, 2012 Theory Critique of the Human Caring Theory The Theory of Human Caring was written by Jean Watson. This model consists of ten carative factors to assist nurses with caring for their patients. Dr. Watson calls this a transpersonal relationship. Watson defines transpersonal care ‘as the capacity of one human being to receive another human being’s expression of feelings and to experience thoseRead MoreNur518 R7 Quantitative Article Analysis Worksheet Nc Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Quantitative Article Analysis Worksheet Analyze and critique a quantitative nursing research article from a nursing research journal published within the past five years. Include 3 scholarly references—the article, the text, and one outside source. Use the Guidelines for Quantitative Nursing Research Critique to complete the following steps: 1. State the purpose of the study and identify the problem. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) often require enteralRead MoreTheory into Practice Plan, Implementation, Evaluation Essay958 Words   |  4 PagesTheory into Practice Plan, Implementation, Evaluation The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction, purpose, and rational for selecting a nursing theory. I will describe the theory by identifying the purpose, concepts/definitions, relationships/structure, and assumptions. I will use the Chinn Kramer evaluation criteria to critique this chosen theory. Finally I will describe a plan for implementing the theory into my practice setting, identifying any barriers and challenges. IntroductionRead MoreThe Application Of Transcultural Nursing Theory1253 Words   |  6 PagesThe application of transcultural nursing theory guides nurses to care for patients with different cultures. However, nursing scholars are beginning to explore that cultural education in nursing is not discussing the power relations found between the nurse-patient relationship and health care institutions. It has been suggested that nursing curricula needs to change from teaching cultural phenomena and incorporating critical theory to address social injustices that harm the client’s health. The purposeRead MoreEssay on Research Critique Part 1659 Words   |  3 Pages Research Critique Part 1 Grand Canyon University Introduction to Nursing Research NRS-433V Mary OConnell September 5, 2013 Research Critique Part 1 This paper will critique a qualitative research study published in the Journal of Medical Ethics in 2004, By Dr Helen Aveyard, about how nurses manage patients who refuse nursing care procedures. The article explains how nurses view informed consent as not being essential to nursing care procedures. Problem Statement The clinical problem

Steps of a Consumer Behavior Consumer Behavioural Process

Question: Discuss about theSteps of a Consumer Behaviorfor Consumer Behavioural Process. Answer: Introduction The Buyer decision process is a course of action taken by customers concerning the market dealings before and after purchasing a product. This process includes five stages for a buyer to make an entire decision. The steps include need recognition, information search, evaluation, purchase decision and post-purchase decision. Arabella wanted to buy a desktop computer for her home that she can use more efficiently from her home and access internet easily. As a student, she had to purchase a PC that will help her complete her degree assignments. Arabella then shared the situation with her friends and started an information search about Harvey Norman Computer Superstore, a brand aligned with Flexi-rent. She had to look for a computer retailer that would meet her demands. She wanted a PC with a high processor speed, the size of the processor and how effective it is to access the internet (Hiller, 2015). Once she collected all the information about the type of PC she wanted, she decided to evaluate the alternative brands in the Harvey Norman Computer Superstore which included, Hal, Glade, Dense, and IQ. After comparing the four brands and also seeking advice from her friends who had earlier purchased some of the brands, she was impressed by Hal and IQ systems since they met her demands (Hoyer, Macinnis Pieters, 2014). According to her preferences, the IQ PC had the necessary features that she wanted. Concerning size, the PC had a larger internal memory and an exceptional processor speed that will enable it to multi-task. Since she had a lot of presentations and assignments she could handle at the same time. Also, the IQ brand was relatively cheaper than the other brand she had evaluated. After an agreement with the company, she purchased the PC and took it home with her to unpack it and install the software she wanted. It was a big investment she made since her income was not such big. The level of involvement of Arabella towards the IQ PC was excellent since she sought for guidance from her friend such as Emma and Sarah who had previously used the products from the company. In my perspective, as a consumer, I will follow the same path as Arabella in that, when purchasing a product it is effective to involve other parties that have enjoyed the products services earlier. After buying a product, a customer should sign an agreement with the dealer on how they will handle a fault if it occurs after purchase. For instance, a warrant of about a year issued to the customer which will enable him/her to claim for any fault. According to me, I would have handled the problem following the agreement I made with the dealer. It doesnt make any cost for one to claim for a fault that you have purchased since you have a right to do so under any circumstances (Scitovsky, 2015). Harvey Norman Computer Superstore staff handled the case in a wrong way. As a manager of the company, I should have instructed the staff to handle Arabella's situation with care since it may impact the company's image negatively. For example, I would have asked the staff to take the PC and try to find out if it was their fault or Arabella's. A complaint is effective if only it is in line with the agreement made between the client and the dealer. For instance, if a warrant was issued and has not expired, then a complaint is valid. When considering a claim, the following options should be considered, first, as an organization you should seek out for some information directly from the buyer. For example, the company should ask a few questions about how the fault occurred to find the cause. Secondly, it should make sure that the complaint is in register with the protection agency. Finally, the company may decide to take a legal action if the claim has no basis. References Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction, and Complaining Behavior, Inc. (2015). Journal of consumer satisfaction, dissatisfaction, and complaining behavior: CS/D CB. Provo, Utah, Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction, and Complaining Behavior, Inc. Hiller , K. Y. (2015). Ecological consumer decision making Nature, process, and barriers in apparel acquisition. East Lansing, Michigan State University. Hoyer, W. D., Macinnis, D. J., Pieters, R. (2013). Consumer behavior. Australia, South Western Cengage Learning. Scitovsky, T. (2015). The Joyless Economy: the Psychology of Human Satisfaction. New York, Oxford University Press. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=272997.

Intel Costa Rica free essay sample

Managing Across Borders: Intel in Costa Rica Under the tough and demanding Andrew S. Grove, Intel drove employees to higher and higher levels of motivation and performance†¦. Bizarrely, but quite typically, Grove instigated a much-hated system called the late list. He got irritated by early morning meetings that didnt begin on time and insisted on security staff getting signatures from anybody who arrived after eight oclock†¦. Yet this was the same company where open argument and confrontation, often vigorous in the extreme, were an operating principle. And it was the same company in which relatively lowly engineers, acting on their own initiative, created a magical innovation, the allconquering microprocessor. DeBono and Heller Most of the (native Costa Rican) Ticos are very conservative individuals who dont usually welcome strange or different ideas. The countrys economy has grown incredibly in the past years, but the culture still retains conservative tendencies. We will write a custom essay sample on Intel Costa Rica or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A lot of foreigners view the Ticos as lacking initiative and as being passive. They also complain of the lack of punctuality and of quick decision-making. However, the positive aspects of the Tico identity are the friendliness and hospitality that most people transmit. Costa Ricans are extremely social. Infocostarica Intel Corporation in the late 1990’s faced the immense challenge of building an assembly and test facility in Costa Rica from the ground up within a year. The start-up would be led by a small group of ex-patriot managers, who were counting on timely operations so that Intel could meet customer demand and achieve its revenue targets. However, there were substantial concerns. Could the steepest manufacturing ramp ever demanded of an Intel assembly and test facility be achieved by a relatively young and inexperienced workforce with distinctive social norms? Could the company attract the engineering talent that it would need to sustain operations, and, if not, what should it do to compensate? Above all, should Intel rely on the corporate-wide management philosophies and operating principles which drove its success globally? Or, should it seek ways to accommodate local customs and market conditions? Project Background Intel Corporation aimed to be the world’s leading supplier to the Internet economy. Semiconductor manufacturing is a highly competitive global industry, where companies compete on the basis of price, quality, and product availability. Intel is a manufacturing intensive company, in which fabricated wafers manufactured primarily in the United States are sent to overseas assembly and test facilities, then shipped to customers. The Costa Rica facility would complement highly successful assembly operations in Malaysia, the Philippines, and China. The primary driver of this strategy was labor cost containment. A senior planner outlined the criteria Costa Rica satisfied in order to be selected for the project, which was expected to add over $500 million in investment to the local economy (Intel and its local suppliers):  © 2005 Hult International Business School. Prepared by Robert Anthony for class discussion only. Based on library sources. First and foremost, we look for good infrastructure: air-cargo capacity, surface transportation systems, the water and water treatment systems, the electrical power system, and stable telecommunications. That is the first tier. The second tier involves evaluating the business operating environment. What are the permitting requirements? Are they able to do fast-track permitting? Since our manufacturing process often changes, do they have flexible procedures that govern reconfiguration or expansion of a plant? What type of investment programs are available for the capital intensive type of production that we typically bring to our host countries. Finally, a factor that is very important to us is the capability of the local educational institutions to develop, and maintain over time, a technical workforce in the numbers that this facility will require. Production targets for the first quarter of operation had been raised on several occasions by Intel corporate management, moving over time from 150 thousand units to 1 million units. The Costa Rica site was ultimately expected to employ 4,000 engineers, technicians, and supervisors, spread through 4 factories. About 2,000 employees would be hired by start-up. Management Challenges Intel was a demanding company to work for, and this was an important and highly visible project. Cost, volume, and quality pressures would only increase as the start-up date approached. The ex-patriot managers were challenged to hire and train a workforce, purchase tools, and commence operations, while working in a local cultural environment with differences from their own which were perhaps greater than they bargained for. Staffing Intel rapidly developed contact with local recruiters, colleges, and universities. Much of the work at the site required a high level of technical expertise and problem solving skill, and, previously, high tech manufacturing had been almost non-existent in Costa Rica. Certain requirements were obvious; the company needed employees with engineering degrees and, preferably, some relevant experience. Beyond that, however, ex-patriot debated what other knowledge, skills, and abilities might constitute the ideal profile they would be searching for. In addition, while it was probable that Intel would be seen as a preferred employer in the country, at least initially, it was wondered whether the company would need to put together a premium compensation package to secure all the talent it would require. Training Intel planned for nine months between the hire date for most workers and the start-up. How should the company ensure that employees understood its complex manufacturing processes, their specific job roles, and expectations for working at Intel? With time so short, should the company make use of its Asian sites in the training strategy? Should it adopt, or modify, the standard corporate training calendar for new employees, much of which was aimed at acculturation, or would such training ultimately prove to be a distraction? In other locations, employees were given a formal Orientation on their first day of work, they would 2 attend Working at Intel, which was delivered by a local senior manager, within three months of employment, they would attend Performing to Values within 12 months, and within 12 months they would attend two courses from the list of Effective Meetings, Constructive Confrontation, and Structured Problem Solving. Execution Ex-patriot managers were challenged to consider the potential application of Intel’s corporate-wide approaches to company management.